| Hachinohe 八戸 |
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| — Special city — | |||
| 八戸市 • Hachinohe | |||
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| Location of Hachinohe in Aomori | |||
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Hachinohe
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| Coordinates: | |||
| Country | Japan | ||
| Region | Tōhoku | ||
| Prefecture | Aomori | ||
| Government | |||
| • Mayor | Makoto Kobayashi | ||
| Area | |||
| • Total | 305.17 km2 (117.8 sq mi) | ||
| Population (September 1, 2009) | |||
| • Total | 238,421 | ||
| • Density | 781/km2 (2,022.8/sq mi) | ||
| Time zone | Japan Standard Time (UTC+9) | ||
| City symbols | |||
| - Tree | Japanese Yew | ||
| - Flower | Chrysanthemum | ||
| - Bird | Black-tailed Gull | ||
| Phone number | 0178-43-2111 | ||
| Address | 1-1-1 Uchimaru, Hachinohe-shi, Aomori-ken 031-8686 |
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| Website | City of Hachinohe | ||
Hachinohe (八戸市 Hachinohe-shi) is a city located in southeastern Aomori in the Tōhoku region of Japan. As of 2009, the city has an estimated population of 238,421 and a population density of 781 persons per km². Its total area is 305.17 km².
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Hachinohe is located in the flatlands on the east coast of Aomori prefecture, facing the Pacific Ocean. The city has a climate on the northern border of the humid subtropical zone that borders both on an oceanic climate and a humid continental climate. Summers are considerably milder than in other parts of Honshū owing to the fact that the city is very close to the open sea, whilst winters if distinctly cold are much less snowy than in Aomori city or Sapporo or Wakkanai, though snowfall is higher than in Kushiro.
| Climate data for Hachinohe (1981-2010) | |||||||||||||
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| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 2.6 (36.7) |
6.2 (43.2) |
7.0 (44.6) |
13.7 (56.7) |
18.3 (64.9) |
20.6 (69.1) |
24.3 (75.7) |
26.5 (79.7) |
23.1 (73.6) |
17.9 (64.2) |
11.6 (52.9) |
5.5 (41.9) |
14.78 (58.60) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −4.2 (24.4) |
−4 (24.8) |
−1.3 (29.7) |
3.8 (38.8) |
8.7 (47.7) |
12.8 (55.0) |
17.1 (62.8) |
19.3 (66.7) |
15.2 (59.4) |
8.5 (47.3) |
2.6 (36.7) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
6.41 (43.53) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 42.8 (1.685) |
40.1 (1.579) |
52.0 (2.047) |
64.3 (2.531) |
89.3 (3.516) |
105.8 (4.165) |
136.1 (5.358) |
128.8 (5.071) |
167.6 (6.598) |
87.2 (3.433) |
62.0 (2.441) |
49.1 (1.933) |
1,025.1 (40.358) |
| Snowfall cm (inches) | 77 (30.3) |
75 (29.5) |
47 (18.5) |
3 (1.2) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
6 (2.4) |
40 (15.7) |
248 (97.6) |
| % humidity | 70 | 70 | 67 | 65 | 71 | 81 | 83 | 82 | 79 | 73 | 70 | 70 | 73.4 |
| Sunshine hours | 130.8 | 129.6 | 168.1 | 188.9 | 197.0 | 167.7 | 148.5 | 167.1 | 143.6 | 161.3 | 133.3 | 124.5 | 1,860.4 |
| Source: Japan Meteorological Agency | |||||||||||||
Aomori Prefecture
Iwate Prefecture
The area around Hachinohe has been occupied since prehistoric times, and was a major population center for the Emishi people. Numerous Jomon period remains have been discovered within the borders of Hachinohe. The area was nominally under control of the Northern Fujiwara in the Heian period, and became part of the holdings granted to the Nanbu clan after the defeat of the North Fujiwara by Minamoto Yoritomo in the Kamakura period. The Nanbu established numerous horse ranches, accompanied by numbered fortified settlements. During the Edo period, it was initially part of Morioka Domain, but in 1664 the Tokugawa Shogunate authorized the creation of a separate 20,000 koku Hachinohe Domain for a branch line of the Nanbu clan. The town prospered as a castle town centered on Hachinohe Castle, and served as a small commercial centre and port for the fishing grounds off southeastern Hokkaidō. Today, the port still serves the fishing industry and a number of international cargo vessels.
After the Meiji Restoration, Hachinohe Domain was abolished, and replaced by Hachinohe Prefecture, which was subsequently merged into Aomori Prefecture. Initially, there was a debate as to whether the capital of newly-formed Aomori Prefecture should be at Hachinohe or Hirosaki; however, due to strong rivalry between the former Nanbu domain and former Tsugaru Domain, the Meiji government decided to build a new town called Aomori is a central location, and to designate it as the capital of the prefecture.
Per the reform of 1889, the town of Hachinohe was created within Sannohe District. In 1901, it merged with neighboring Choja, and on May 1, 1929 with neighboring Konakano, Minato and Same villages to form the city of Hachinohe.
The city further expanded by annexing the village of Shimonaganawashiro in 1942, Korekawa in 1954, Ichikawa, Kaminaganawashiro, Tachi and Toyosaki in 1955 and Odate in 1958. On March 31, 2005 the village of Nangō was also merged into Hachinohe.
During the American occupation of Japan following World War II, a United States Army base Camp Haugen was located in Hachinohe, and was the home of the Seventh Division. An Armed Forces Radio Service radio station was located on the base; it was known as AFRS Hachinohe. In 1950, after the North Korean invasion of South Korea, troops from Camp Haugen left for Korea. AFRS Hachinohe altered its broadcasts to include coverage of South Korea so Americans could benefit from its news and entertainment programs.
From December 2002, the northern terminus of the Tōhoku Shinkansen has been at Hachinohe Station, connecting it to Tokyo Station in under three hours.
In March 2011, the city was one of those hit by the 2011 Japanese tsunami. The tsunami tossed many huge fishing boats ashore and heavily damaged the port area. About 100 homes were destroyed.[1] Divers from the United States Navy ship Safeguard joined with Japanese workers to help clear the port to facilitate the delivery of relief supplies via the city.[2]
Hachinohe is the largest city in eastern Aomori prefecture, and serves as the regional industrial and commercial center. Commercial fishing still plays a major role in the local economy, with Hachinohe port having one of the largest volumes of landed fish in Japan. However, since its designation as a new industrial city in 1964, Hachinohe has developed a large coastal industrial belt with a diverse range of chemical, steel, cement and fertilizer products. Major industrial parks include the Hachinohe High Tech Park and Hachinohe North-Interchange Industrial Complex. Hachinohe Port is a major international port for northern Japan.
There is a main-belt asteroid named Hachinohe.
Media related to [//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hachinohe,_Aomori Hachinohe, Aomori] at Wikimedia Commons
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